Accurate Quantitative Physics-of-Failure Approach to Integrated Circuit Reliability
Modern electronics typically consist of microprocessors and other complex integrated circuits (ICs) such as FPGAs,ADCs,and memory. They are susceptible to electrical,mechanical and thermal mode
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Automated Design Analysis: Reliability Modeling of Circuit Card Assemblies
It is widely known and understood that the overall cost and quality of a product is most influenced by decisions made early in the design stage. Finding and correcting design flaws later in the
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Electronic Housings: Considerations,Standards and Practices for Industrial Applications
Circuit housings used in industrial and utility applications have requirements often not needed in the commercial or consumer electronics industries. The device may be used in locations as dive
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Transmission Line Characterization through the Enhanced Root Impulse Energy Loss
In today’s PCB industry,the challenges are no longer just on how to control and improve the manufacturing
processes,but also to ensure the fabricated product is compliant to the industry standa
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Industry Collaboration Driving Proactive Environmental Improvements
•iNEMI Environmental Vision
•Highlights of Environmental Conscious Electronics Chapter of iNEMI Roadmap
•Key iNEMI Projects
•Environmental Impact of Electronics
–Products
–Services
•Concluding
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Low Cost Electrical Specifications for Design and Manufacture of GHz Boards
Test and quality coverage for an assembled printed circuit board is becoming increasingly more expensive and complex as digital electronics moves well into the gigahertz era. Traditional tools
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Understanding when to use FR-4 laminates or High Frequency Laminates
Over the years a question that has been asked repeatedly of material suppliers is: “when do I need to use a high frequency laminate over the choice of a standard FR-4 substrate”? The answer has
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
PCB Board Design Considerations for Impedance Control and Optimal Signal Integrity in High Speed Digital and RF Systems
For the electronics on PCB’s,dielectric materials provide not only material and media support for the high-speed digital and RF systems,but also electrical performance. Impedance control and si
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Counterfeit Parts Prevention Using Import/Export Controls as a Tool in Risk Mitigation
Several U.S. Government (USG) regulations require parties engaged in import activities to maintain records of transaction processes. By using formal documented tools integrating these regulatio
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Screening for Counterfeit Electronic Parts
Counterfeit electronic parts have become a significant cause of worry in the electronics part supply chain. Most of the counterfeit parts detected in the electronics industry are either new or
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Using DNA to Secure High Tech Supply Chains and Protect Against Counterfeiting and Diversion
DNA is a form of forensic evidence trusted by law enforcement and recognized by international courts around the world. This abstract provides an introduction to the utility of botanical DNA tag
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Assessing the Risk and Impact of Counterfeit Electronic Products
Counterfeiting is a widespread problem that affects every industry and which has the potential to significantly erode a company’s bottom line. According to the International Anti-Counterfeiting
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Component Risk Mitigation Strategies
- COMPONENTS
- Risk Mitigation Testing Strategies Examples
- Risk Mitigation Testing Affiliations
- IDEA – 1010
- AS5553
- Mil-Std-1580
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Use of Lead-Free Laminate DMA and TMA Data to Develop Stress versus Temperature Relationships for Predicting Plated Hole Reliability
Accelerated testing of plated hole life is necessary for economic reasons due to the long time to failure during field operating conditions. One difficulty in performing accelerated testing on
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
High Density Packaging User Group – Pb-free Materials 2 Project Materials Testing of PWB Substrates to Establish Variability of Construction, Estimate Thickness and Determine Survivability through Lead Free Assembly
An important element of the High Density Packaging Users Group (HDPUG) Consortium investigation into the reliability of printed wiring board (PWB) constructed with 20 different Pb-free mater
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Reliability Testing of PWB Plated through Holes in Air-to-Air Thermal Cycling and Interconnect Stress Testing after Pb-free Reflow Preconditioning
The High Density Packaging Users Group Consortium investigated plated through hole reliability of printed wiring board test vehicles constructed with 20 different Pb-free capable printed wiring
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
A Standard Multilayer Printed Wiring Board for Material Reliability Evaluations
This paper details the Alcatel-Lucent Pb-free Material Reliability Test board (MRT) used in two different High Density Packaging User Group tests covering 56 different constructions and in nume
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
New Cleaning Agent Designs for Removing No-Clean Lead-Free Flux Residues
The process cleaning rate theorem holds that the static rate (chemical forces) plus the dynamic cleaning rate (mechanical forces) equals the process cleaning rate. New lead-free flux residues r
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Meeting the Challenge of Removing Flux Residues from Electronic Circuitry Utilizing Low Standoff Heights
Our insatiable desire for smaller,faster and highly functional electronic devices presents numerous challenges for package designers and manufacturers. Current day popular approaches include st
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Cleaning PCBs in Electronics: Understanding today’s Needs
Because of the phase out of CFC’s and HCFC’s,standard solder pastes and fluxes evolved from RA and RMA fluxes,to No-Clean,to low residue No-Clean,to very low residue No-Clean. Many companies ca
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Defluxing for New Assembly Requirements
Consider defluxing at the design stage. This involves determining how product design may impact the assembly process. It also involves selecting the most effective,rugged defluxing option relat
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Solar PV: Challenges and Opportunities for the Electronics Assembly Industry
• 2010 turned out to be an unexpectedly strong year: > 130% growth in both cell production and installations over 2009
• 24GWp cell production
• All leading suppliers are expanding production c
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Photovoltaics: The iNEMI Road Map
•The 2011 iNEMI Solar PV roadmap
•Involvement of the electronics supply chain
•Example of an electronics opportunity – micro-inverters
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Solar PV Reliability Overview
•A vision of a solar-powered world
•Importance of reliability to success of solar
•Working together to establish reliability
•R&D issues related to:
•Product Development
•Quality Assurance duri
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Solar PV Module Assembly
- Solar Module Assembly vs. PCBA
- Crystalline Silicon Module (c-Si) Construction
- Module Assembly Process (c-Si)
- PV Cells – String - Array - Module
- Tab & String Process
- Lamination Proce
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Design and Fabrication of Thinner,Higher Speed Flexible Circuits
Modern flexible printed circuits demand improved signal integrity due to increasing data rate requirements for interconnects. At the same time,form factors available to designers are becoming s
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Results of Fabrication DOE for DuPont Pyralux TK®,A Low Dielectric,Thin Flexible Circuit Material
From the first time we heard of new thin,low Dk,flex laminate material from DuPont we were excited. The material is what is now known,and commercially available,as DuPont’s Pyralux TK®. Working
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
A Comparison of the Environmental and Operating Costs of Spray in Air Batch Cleaners and Small Inline Aqueous Cleaners
This paper will discuss the environmental and financial cost of operating both batch cleaners and small inline aqueous cleaners. It is not the goal of this paper to endorse one type of cleaner
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Eu Rohs Recast – Are You Ready?
Since the European Union (EU) first published the Restriction on the use of Certain Hazardous Substances in electrical and electronic equipment directive (RoHS) in 2003,the document required up
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Pb-free Solder Joint Reliability in a Mildly Accelerated Test Condition
Two different temperature cycling profiles were used to compare the thermal fatigue reliability of Pb free and SnPb solder joints in 16 different,high strain surface mount (SMT) packages. In so
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
The Effects of Non-filled Microvia in Pad on Pb-free Solder Joint Reliability of BGA and QFN Packages in Accelerated Thermal Cycling
The High Density Packaging Users Group (HDPUG) Consortium has completed an experiment to investigate the effect of non-filled microvias in SMT solder joint pads and the associated solder voids
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
An Analytical Characterization and Comparison of Adhesion Test for PCBs
Interest in the adhesive strength of PCBs has recently come to the forefront of the industry. This has been driven by the advent of lead free soldering processes which severely stress the mecha
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Simple Tools for Managing Engineering,Purchasing and Assembly Data
As the assembly of electronic products becomes more automated the collection,storage and retrieval of electronic data demands additional software tools to manage data. The wide spread use of we
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Dynamic LEAN Shop Floor SMT Material Control Starting ONLY What You Can Finish
In high mix (250+ Assemblies) environments,ensuring small batches are delivered in a timely yet flexible manner without large levels of safety stock and WIP requires the very best of LEAN Manuf
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Low dk Thermoplastic Substrate for Broadband Antennas
In high frequency circuit boards PTFE is widely used as a substrate material. It offers very low dielectric constant and low losses. However,it is relatively expensive to fabricate,making the c
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
A Designed Experiment for the Influence of Copper Foils and Oxide Replacements on Impedance,DC Line Resistance and Insertion Loss
With ever increasing data transfer rates,insertion loss has become a limiting factor on today's systems.
Insertion loss can be separated into dielectric loss and copper loss. While dielectric l
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Polyphenylene Ether Macromonomer. Viii. Low Z-Axis Cte,Low Df Epoxy Laminates
Properties of printed circuit board laminates are a function of the type and levels of its components. Endeavors to a balance various performance criteria involve balancing the types and amount
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Identifying Reliable Applications for the Tin-Zinc Eutectic in Electrical and Electronic Assemblies
With a melting point of 199°C,about 20°C lower than the liquidus temperature of SAC305 the Sn-Zn eutectic (Sn~9% Zn) appears to be an attractive candidate as a Pb-free solder. With,at July 2010
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Mechanical Shock Test Performance of SAC105 (Sn-1.0Ag-0.5Cu) and Sn-3.5Ag,BGA Components with SAC305 Solder Paste on NiAu and OSP Board Surface Finishes
Many BGA and CSP component suppliers have begun shipment of components with a variety of second generation lead-free
solder ball alloys based on the improved mechanical shock resistance. Althou
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Low-Silver BGA Assembly Phase II – Reliability Assessment Seventh Report: Mixed Metallurgy Solder Joint Thermal Cycling Results
Some ball grid array suppliers are migrating their sphere alloys from SAC305 (3% Ag) or SAC405 (4% Ag) to alloys with lower silver contents and often with “micro alloying” additions. There are
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Failure Mechanisms in Embedded Planar Capacitors during High Temperature Operating Life (HTOL) Testing
High temperature operating life (HTOL) testing was performed on embedded planar capacitors (with epoxy- BaTiO3 composite dielectric) by subjecting these devices to highly accelerated temperatur
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Embedded Components: A Comparative Analysis of Reliability
In light of new process and product technologies in the field of embedded components,questions arise with respect to
advantages and potential disadvantages to standard SMT component placement w
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Development of a Design & Manufacturing Environment for Reliable and Cost- Effective PCB Embedding Technology
The desire to have more functionality into increasingly smaller size end products has been pushing the PCB and IC
Packaging industry towards High Density Interconnect (HDI) and 3D Packaging (st
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
The Enigmatic Breakout Angle
We describe a coupon design that makes available,in an elegant and efficient way,information unattainable even from multiple-coupon vertical cross-sections. The new design allows quantitative d
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Nano Technology Improve Critical Printing Process
The challenges of successful solder printing in the High Volume / Low Mix cell phone environment,which is linked with the continuing trend to miniaturize electronic assemblies,requires a new ap
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Evaluation of Lead Free Solder Paste Materials for PCBA
Most of electronic components on a printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) are surface mount components assembled using solder paste material. Having a good solder paste material is very critical
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
A Unified CAD-PLM Architecture for Improving Electronics Design Productivity through Automation,Collaboration,and Cloud Computing
In electronics design,Computer Aided Design (CAD) tools manage part data in a logical schematic view (a part symbol) and a physical PCB view (a part footprint). Yet,a part has a third view,whic
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Quantitative Evaluation of New SMT Stencil Materials
High yields in the stencil printing process are essential to a profitable SMT assembly operation. But as circuit complexity continues to increase,so do the challenges of maintaining a successfu
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Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2011
Sculpted Flex Circuits as an Electronics Packaging Solution
Sculpted Flex Circuits are a very cost effective,low profile termination solution that is not very well known. These Flex Circuit hybrids can provide the user a simple interconnection between c
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Event
IPC Midwest 2010
Weigh/Bake/Weigh Testing To Determine Moisture Content in Printed Boards
Entrapped moisture within printed boards can expand during soldering operations,causing delamination or other damage. Available methods for determining moisture content may be destructive
or no
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Event
IPC Midwest 2010