Welcome to IPC's collection of technical papers presented at conferences since 2002. You can search by author, title and keyword. You can also search for keywords and topics in the Tag field. Access to the papers is reserved for IPC members.

Qualification Protocols for A Sustainable and Innovative Release Aid Within the PCB & CCL Laminating Press Process.

PCB (Printed Circuit Board) and CCL (Copper Clad Laminates) industries are facing environmental issues and cost reduction challenges. Consumable release sheets are an important aid for many .. leer más
Author(s)
Clothilde Manzano, Olivier Paquet, Ahlstrom Munksjö, Ronan Jeffroy, Sébastien Esnault, Uwe Postelmann, Lauffer Pressen
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Manufacturing of Low-Cost Wearable Vital Sign Monitoring Devices

Wireless wearable devices can continuously assess and communicate the condition of patients and are crucial components of digital mobile health platforms. General societal trends across the .. leer más
Author(s)
Azar Alizadeh, Andrew Burns, Matt Misner, David Shoudy, Aghogho Obi, James Sabatini, Richard St-Pierre, Aaron Dentinger, Tzu-Jan Kao, Ralf Lenigk, Mark Poliks, Gurvinder Singh Khinda, Udara Somarathna, Behnam Garakani, Mohammed Alhendi, Shannon Dugan
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Design, Fabrication and Testing of an RFID Tag with Security Features for Authentication and Tamper Resistance

To demonstrate the benefits of flexible hybrid technology (FHE) and printed electronics the team of Lockheed Martin Rotary Missions Systems Owego (LMO), Lockheed Martin Space Systems Billeri .. leer más
Author(s)
Tom Rovere, Stephen Gonya, Matthew Beckford, Jonathan Nicholas, Emuobosan Enakerakpo, Ashraf Umar, Mohammed Alhendi, Dylan J Richmond, K Udara Sandake lum Somarathna, Mark Poliks.
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Designing and Manufacturing Flexible Hybrid Electronic Wearable Chemical Sensors

Real-time and in-situ monitoring of the air-quality of confined spaces is a life-saving technology for commercial and government maintenance workers and is conspicuously absent from the comm .. leer más
Author(s)
Alexander Cook
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

CFX Performance Mapping – Methods to Qualify, Validate and Control Acceptable Levels of Flux and Other Residues

The Connected Factory Exchange initiative enables the use of tools, machines, and computer software to monitor, improve, and produce reliable hardware. The concept of the Digital Twin is to .. leer más
Author(s)
Mike Bixenman, Mark McMeen, and Terry Munson
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2016

The Gap Dilemma in the Technical Cleanliness of Electronic Assemblies – Why Foreign Object Debris on Electronic Assemblies is not bringing the Modern World to a Halt

Technical Cleanliness, i.e., the quantification, control and mitigation of deleterious effects of foreign object debris (FOD), is a common challenge in engineering. In the context of electro .. leer más
Author(s)
Dr. Marc Nikolussi
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

A Critical Evaluation of ROSE Testing as Compared to SIR for Monitoring PCB Cleanliness

Resistance of Solvent Extract (ROSE) testing has been grandfathered not only into the modern IPC standards without validation on modern materials, but it has also become grandfathered into t .. leer más
Author(s)
David Lober, Mike Bixenman, Mark McMeen, Zach Papiez and Caroline Anthony
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Insertion Loss Investigation Using a Non-Oxide Alkaline Surface Treatment for Inner-Layer Copper

The industry is moving toward using exotic dielectric materials with a very low loss tangent to improve insertion loss performance. This leads to the result that the signal loss attenuation .. leer más
Author(s)
Xiaoning Ye, Amy Luoh, Vijay Kunda, Gary Brist, Aravind Munukutla, Shahriar Naghshineh, Julie Jarrah
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Nano Structuring Photoresist Adhesion Promoter for Improved Signal Integrity in the Modern HDI-PCB Fabrication

The euphoria associated with the biggest technological step in the field of telecommunications in recent history, the new 5G mobile communications standard, not only made it necessary for OE .. leer más
Author(s)
Christopher A. Seidemann, Thomas Thomas, Fabian Michalik, Patrick Brooks, Wonjin Cho
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Influence of Process Parameters on Inkjet Printing of Silver Conductive Traces for Digital Additive Manufacturing of Flexible Electronics

The results of a NextFlex project addressing barriers that are preventing inkjet printing from being adopted for prototyping and volume manufacturing of printed circuits, are presented. Thes .. leer más
Author(s)
Pratap Rao, Nicholas PrattMaryam Masroor Shalmani
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Reliability SoH Degradation and Life Prediction of Thin Flexible Batteries Under Flex-to-Install Dynamic Folding Dynamic Twisting and Battery Lamination

The emergence of a variety of flexible portable electronics applications has led to increased attention to flexible power sources. Flexible electronics may be subjected to static and dynamic .. leer más
Author(s)
Pradeep Lall, Ved Soni, Jinesh Narangaparambil, Hyesoo Jang, Scott Miller
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Electromechanical Testing of Flexible Hybrid Electronics

Printed conductors and interconnects on compatible flexible or stretchable substrates are the foundation of flexible hybrid electronic systems that may include conventional silicon-based dev .. leer más
Author(s)
Mark D. Poliks, Mohammed Alhendi, Behnam Garakani, Udara S. Somarathna, Gurvinder Singh Khinda
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Liquid Metal Enabled Soft and Stretchable Electronics

This paper summarizes recent progress on utilizing liquid metals (LMs) consisting of gallium and gallium alloys for the electronics industry. While gallium is a component of existing electro .. leer más
Author(s)
Michael D. Dickey, Man Hou Vong, Jinwoo Ma, Lee Kresge, Christine LaBarbera, Amy Schultz, Benjamin Rolewicz, Miloš Lazić, Tim Jensen, Andy Mackie, Bob Jarrett, David Socha
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

A Novel Epoxy Flux to Prevent Hot Tears at VIPPO Solder Joints

Via-in-Pad Plated Over (VIPPO) designs enable better signal quality and speed, but also cause unintended consequences. At VIPPO locations, with or without a solid copper-filled hole, the coe .. leer más
Author(s)
Lee Kresge, Elaina Zito, Chris Nash, and David Bedner
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Bio-Based Encapsulation Resins: Good for the Environment, Good for Your Environment

There is increasing environmental awareness within society, affecting legislation, commerce, and industry. Nature offers an abundance of macromolecules and smaller molecular weight compounds .. leer más
Author(s)
Beth Turner
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Massively Parallel Testing of Panelized Printed Circuit Board Assembly (PCBA)

The cost of test has always been a main concern in the electronics manufacturing business. The recent proliferation of 5G, Internet of Things (IoTs) is driving the industry with smart device .. leer más
Author(s)
Jun Balangue
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Increasing Efficiency of Functional Test Through the Use of Modular Test Components and In-Situ Methods for Cleaning of Test Probes and Electrical Calibration

Instead of using a dedicated test platform, we are presenting methods of using modular and highly scalable components to perform functional testing on a printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) .. leer más
Author(s)
Matthias Zapatka
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Cyber Attack Response Business Continuity Plan: Trying to Make the Incident Response for the Factory

Today, more than 40% of cyber-attacks target IoT devices, and where attacks themselves are commercialized, it is becoming essential to take countermeasures against cyber-attacks, not only fo .. leer más
Author(s)
Hiroyuki Watanabe
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

IPC APEX Secure Data Exchange Between Design And Manufacturing With IPC-2581 (DPMX) and IPC-2591 (CFX)

For many years, the focus of the exchange of design and manufacturing data has been related to the reduction of lead-time in getting products to market, with the reduction of design-turns, e .. leer más
Author(s)
Hemant Shah
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Cyber Security and Export Compliance in the PCB Supply Chain

What went wrong, when did it happen and what have we learned? How often have we been confronted with these simple and direct words describing a situation where the outcome is undesirable! To .. leer más
Author(s)
Didrik Bech
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2016

PFAS Chemistries and Materials: Their Essential Uses in Semiconductor and Electronic System Manufacturing, Pending Regulatory Restrictions, and an Electronics Industry Call to Action

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is a class of fluoro-organic materials that is both ubiquitous and essential to the semiconductor manufacturing process as well as the downstream c .. leer más
Author(s)
Kevin Wolfe
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Eco-design for a Circular Economy: Best Practices in the Electronics Industry

In this paper, we highlight the best practices for eco-design in electronics as presented during a multi-part learning series. The learning series was established as an interactive webinar-b .. leer más
Author(s)
Karsten Schischke, Julio Vargas, Mark Schaffer, Thomas A. Okrasinski, Grace O’Malley, Sanghoon Lee, Kelly Scanlon,
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

SMT Assembly of LGA Components and SMT Rework with Low Temperature Solder Alloy

Low Temperature Solder (LTS) is increasingly being used as a replacement for SAC305 solder alloy. Processing with LTS can reduce energy costs and impact on the environment while also reducin .. leer más
Author(s)
M. Burmeister, D. Geiger
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Lead-Free, Low-Temperature Solder Paste for Drop Shock Critical Applications

The 2017 International Electronics Manufacturing Initiatives (iNEMI) Board and Assembly Roadmap had forecast a 20% adoption rate of low-temperature solders (LTS) for board assembly by 2027. .. leer más
Author(s)
Hongwen Zhang, Samuel Lytwynec, Tyler Richmond, Tybarius Harter Jie Geng, Huaguang Wang, and Francis Mutuku
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Acid Copper Plating Process for IC Substrate Applications

Two challenges that advanced packaging suppliers are faced with during IC substrate fabrication are meeting the copper plating performance requirements and reducing manufacturing process cos .. leer más
Author(s)
Sean Fleuriel, Bill DeCesare, Todd Clark, Saminda Dharmarathna, Kesheng Feng
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

A Production Viable, Palladium Free Activation Process for Electroless Copper Deposition

For many years, the electroless copper process has been widely used by the PCB and package substrate industries, where a wide process window and proven product reliability has led to it bein .. leer más
Author(s)
André Beyer, Josef Gaida, Laurence J. Gregoriades, Stefan Kempa, Andreas Kirbs, Jan Knaup, Julia Lehmann, Lutz Stamp, Yvonne Welz, Sebastian Zarwell R. Massey, F. Brüning
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Backdrill Under BGAHigh Density Packaging User Group (HDP) Project

The High Density Packaging (HDP) user group has completed a project to evaluate dielectric conditions impacting the reliability of backdrilling escape vias under BGA via arrays. Large BGA si .. leer más
Author(s)
Karl Sauter, Gary Brist
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Solder Alloy Contribution to Robust Selective Soldering Process

The number of components and functionality on a printed circuit board increases continuously. Surface mount device (SMD) components become smaller, pitch dimensions shrink, but there are sti .. leer más
Author(s)
Gerjan Diepstraten
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Reliability of Soler Joints: Will Void Free Vacuum Soldering Help?

Rapid incorporation of low cost, small footprint, and high efficiency BTC components with a large thermal plane and leadless terminations presents numerous challenges to the PCB manufacturer .. leer más
Author(s)
Anna Lifton, Alan Plant, Paul Salerno, and Ranjit Pandher
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Reliability and IMC Layer Evolution of Homogenous Lead-Free Solder Joints During Thermal Cycling

Many leading solder paste manufacturers are currently developing solder alloys for high reliability applications. These solder alloys are doped with elements such as bismuth (Bi), indium (In .. leer más
Author(s)
Mohamed El Amine Belhadi, Xin Wei, Palash Vyas, Rong Zhao, Sa’d Hamasha, Haneen Ali, Jeff Suhling, Pradeep Lall, Barton C. Prorok
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Investigation Into the Impact of Atmospheric Plasma Surface Preparation on Soldering & Cleaning Process Steps

The soldering (wave, reflow, and selective) along with flux removal (cleaning) processes have for years been optimized to yield the best result possible. Today more than ever these processes .. leer más
Author(s)
Mark McMeen, Mike Bixenman, Richard Burke & Michael McCutchen
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Defluxing of Copper Pillar Bumped Flip-Chips

Flip-chip technology has become increasingly prevalent within the electronics industry due to its lower cost, increased package density, improved performance while maintaining or improving c .. leer más
Author(s)
Ravi Parthasarathy, Umut Tosun
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Evaluation of Solder Pastes for Flux Residue Mitigation in Cleaning Machines*

Recently new semi-aqueous in-line cleaning machines (CM) were installed; however, the associated increased volumes of circuit card assemblies (CCAs) being cleaned after SMT surface mount tec .. leer más
Author(s)
Norman J. Armendariz
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Applications of Semi-Additive Process Technology to PCB Design and Production

Traditional Subtractive Etch (SE) processes used to manufacture Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are adequate for many of today’s circuit designs. However, certain parts of PCBs, and more gener .. leer más
Author(s)
Paul A. Dennig, Mike Vinson
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

ULTRA HDI Printed Boards

This paper will discuss the evolution of the printed board design to date, how process improvements and new manufacturing technologies and chemistry have enabled the new step down in miniatu .. leer más
Author(s)
Jan Pedersen
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

ULTRA HDI/SLP Production

This paper will discuss the difference between traditional advanced any layer HDI PCB with subtractive process and Ultra High-Density Interconnect (Ultra HDI) or substrate-like-PCB (SLP) wit .. leer más
Author(s)
Clay Zha
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Impacts and Challenges of AME, from Design to Data

Complex geometries, customized parts and new processes; these are characteristics that are readily associated with additive manufacturing (AM). At the same time, they are often associated wi .. leer más
Author(s)
Michael Schleicher
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Advances in Multi-level and Multi-materialAdditively Manufactured Electronic (AME) Circuits and Devices

Multilevel Additively Manufactured (AME) circuits and devices have been enabling circuit design and implementation that is not possible or is very expensive using traditional methods such as .. leer más
Author(s)
Jaim Nulman
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Conformal Printed Circuit Structures

Surface mounted passive electrical components are beginning to reach hard limits for further reduction in size of their packages. Performance of the raw materials used have set capabilities .. leer más
Author(s)
Jason Benoit, Nicholas Willey, Josh Goldfarb, Kenneth Church
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Additive Manufacturing and Multiphysics Analysis for Single-Phase and Two-Phase Cooling

Thermal management must advance with the military’s requirements for increased performance, lower costs, and rapid technology changes. Combining multiphysics analysis and additive manufactur .. leer más
Author(s)
Paul W Bratt
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Surface Mounting in Smart Molded Structures Made with Polypropylene

Structural electronics enables design innovation by adding electronic functions to smart surfaces with 3-dimensional form factors. This paper describes the making of a structural electronics .. leer más
Author(s)
Dr. Outi Rusanen, Topi Wuori, Pasi Raappana, Paavo Niskala and Martti Karjalainen
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

A Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Stretchable and Rigid Electronics: A Case Study of Cardiac Monitoring Devices

Stretchable electronics is a new innovation and becoming popular in various fields, especially in the health care sector. Since stretchable electronics use less Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) .. leer más
Author(s)
Gustaf Mårtensson, Samruddha Kokare, Farazee Asif, Sayyed Shoaib-ul-Hasan, A. Rashid, Malvina Roci, and Niloufar Salehi
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

The Journey into The Digital Unknown: How Digital Transformation and Connected Factory Are Changing Our Factory Landscape and Our Lessons Learned

The journey to creating a connected factory can be a scary and arduous task, with some not even knowing where to start. Our roles as engineers supporting the factories have historically been .. leer más
Author(s)
Sharissa Johns, Jarrod Webb & Josh Goolsby
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

MTC Journey to Digitalisation for Smart Factory Using Legacy Equipment

Specialists in IIoT and Industry 4.0 at the Manufacturing Technology Centre have developed the first stage of Europe's first smart factory demonstrator for the manufacture of electronic asse .. leer más
Author(s)
Naim Kapadia
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Improving Productivity with Automated Component Delivery

Automation is growing in nearly every sector. Self-driving cars, touchless soft-drink dispensing machines that deliver over 100 different drinks, and robots doing everything from food sortin .. leer más
Author(s)
Gerry Padnos, Christoph Wimmer
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Empowering Digital Supply Chain Transformation by Utilizing Industry 4.0, Smart Factories, Standards, Smart Contracts and Blockchains

Companies that place products onto the marketplace, whether they are internally manufactured or sourced from a supply chain, are often faced with ever increasing demands for data from a dive .. leer más
Author(s)
Raj Takhar
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Strategic Sourcing within an Evolving Aerospace & Defense Industry

Traditionally sourcing strategies are resolved by a “make or buy” process where companies evaluate if it is more cost effective to make or buy a product. This presentation will explain the s .. leer más
Author(s)
Kevin McGrath, Jim Becker, and Martin Goetz
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Evaluation of Compatibility of EnvironMentally Friendly PCB Manufacturing Processes: Additive Inkjet Coating & Surface Finishes

The challenge of decrease PCB manufacturing environmental impact is here to stay. The rate at which a company can process change is key to strategical advantage. Any increase of the change r .. leer más
Author(s)
Kunal Shah, Luca Gautero
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Thermally Conductive Polymeric Material (TCPM)

The electronics industry is seeing more data being computed through printed circuit boards (PCBs). For example, to support 5G communications, most electronics will need to increase their pro .. leer más
Author(s)
Jesse W. Session
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022

Electroless Palladium Plating – Correlating Plating Solution and Deposit Properties

Electroless palladium plating has been present in the PCB industry for over 20 years providing highly reliable finishes for high end applications in combination with nickel and gold plating. .. leer más
Author(s)
Britta Schafsteller
Event
IPC APEX EXPO 2022